The male and female reproductive systems also fall into the same category. One of the most perplexing questions in need of an answer pertaining to the evolutionary process is how it could have been possible for male and female animal forms to have evolved separately from each other, yet complementary to each other, and totally dependent upon each other. Given the extreme complexity of the sexual and reproductive system, it would seem to be statistically impossible for both male and female systems to have evolved without the presence of an organizing force. We are not even talking about a single set of complementary reproductive systems, but a great variety of them spread throughout all of nature. Even if a sperm-producing testicle with accompanying vas deferens and penis could have arisen by chance through natural selection, how would it have been possible for an egg-producing ovary with accompanying uterus, fallopian tubes and vagina to have arisen concomitantly and simultaneously? These occurrences fall well beyond random statistical mathematical probabilities. For every change in one system there would have to have been a corresponding complimentary simultaneous change in the other.

There are many other examples of the "all or nothing" principle to be seen in the evolutionary process. The structure of a bird's wing is very complex. Half a wing would not give any survival advantage, and wings would not have worked at all if complementary muscle and bone structures had not evolved along with light-weight feathers and a nervous system that allowed its function.²⁶

There can be no question about the presence of an organizing force behind the evolutionary process, a force that science and other disciplines can no longer continue to ignore. Intelligence had to organize matter into increasingly complex forms, first inorganic and then organic, before it could evolve the other material components needed for higher life-organisms.

Many biologists have come to accept the premise that there is an underlying purposiveness within nature. Oparin has stated, "The universal `purposiveness' of the organization of living beings is an objective and self-evident fact which cannot be ignored by any thoughtful student of nature.".²⁷...Birds build nests to house their young. If a kidney is surgically removed from a human, its second one hypertrophies so that it can approach doing the work of two. The immune system exists to fight off any invading microorganisms which attack the body. The eye evolved for the purpose of picking up images of the surrounding environment. Purpose is best known to us in our own actions. We can freely choose which direction we wish to pursue and then execute our plans.²⁸...I chose to write this book, as masochistic as it sometimes seemed.

All organs of every plant and animal exhibit purpose. Each is designed to perform a specific task or tasks. No organ can be properly defined or understood without examining its purpose, which is the activity it performs.²⁹...According to Robert Augros and George Stanciu, "Purpose permeates every aspect of life. The metabolism of every cell is ordered to the organism. Growth is aiming at the completeness of form. The organ-tools of animals and plants, the capacity for self-repair, the findings of ethology and ecology, all point to purpose. With elegance and economy, nature subordinates means to end. Matter is for the sake of form, and both are for the sake of operation. Every cell, every tissue, every organ serves a purpose. Every animal, every plant directs its activities to an end. The whole of nature is ordered by purpose.".³⁰

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